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Capacitance
| Definition: |
A
capacitor is measured by the size of its capacitance. A
capacitance is the electric capacity of a capacitor, i.e.
the amount of electrically charged carriers it can store. |
| Symbol: |
C |
| Measurement
unit: |
F
= farad |
| |
|
| Calculation
example: |
 |
The
capacitance is 1 farad when a current of 1 ampere flows
for one second with the applied voltage of 1 V. |
| |
|
|
| The stored charge Q is proportional to the applied voltage U.
Q ~ U
The proportional
factor C is the capacitance of
the capacitor
Q = C x U |
| |
| Capacitance
calculation for the plate capacitor |
| |
 |
 =
= |
absolute dielectric
constant
0.0885 x 10-12 farad/cm |
 =
. |
relative dielectric
constant
depending on insulation material |
| A = |
plate surface (one plate
only) in cm2 |
| d = |
distance between plates
in cm |
| |
| The relative
dielectric constant can have values between = 1 (air)
and ~ 10,000 (special ceramic materials). |
| |
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